|
看过《实习医生格蕾》的人们一定会对美国版的医生充满好感，并进而发问，如此敬业可爱的医生是怎么炼成的呢，今天我就带大家去看个究竟。
在美国要成为医生可不是件容易的事，至少得过五道关。
Students must study and work for many years to become a doctor in the United States. Working conditions are often very difficult.
第一关：要具备自然科学背景。
Men and women in the United States who want to become doctors attend four years of college or university. They usually study science intensively（集中地）. They study biology（生物）, chemistry（化学）and other sciences. If they do not, they may have to return to college for more education in science before trying to enter medical school.
第二关：进行相关的职业体验：在申请上医学院之前，学生们会去医院或者相关的研究机构工作一到两年，进行职业体验。
Some students work for a year or two in a medical or research job before they try to seek a place in a medical college.
第三关：参加全国统考。只有那些成绩非常优秀的学生才会被医学院录取。
There are one-hundred-twenty-five medical colleges in the United States. More than sixty-six-thousand students are attending medical colleges. It is difficult to gain entrance（录取）to them. Those who do the best in their studies have a greater chance of entering medical school. Each student also must pass a national examination to enter medical school. Those who get the top scores have the best chance of being accepted. Most people who want to study medicine seek to enter as many as ten medical schools. This increases their chances of being accepted by one.
第四关：在医学院学习四年。前两年学习相关的理论知识，后两年学习如何鉴别和处理疾病，他们会参加公益活动，在导师的指导下用所学的知识，帮助病人。
After entering medical school, students spend the next four years studying only medical sciences. The first two years of medical school are spent mainly in class. The students learn about the body and all its systems. They learn about chemistry and medicines. And they begin studying diseases and how to recognize（识别） and treat them. Many students say the first year of medical school is the most difficult. They must remember a great deal of information. For example, many schools require that students remember the names of every bone in the body.
By the third year of medical school, students are ready to use their knowledge to begin helping sick people in a hospital. These students work under the guidance of experienced doctors. Students observe the treatment of patients. They also examine patients and advise treatment. As the students watch and learn, they think about the kind of medicine they would like to practice when they become doctors.
During the fourth year of medical school, students begin seeking to enter a medical training program in a hospital. This training program is called a medical residency. Medical school graduates（毕业生）face strong competition（竞争）to gain a resident position at the hospitals they want most. Hospitals want the top medical school graduates.
第五关：至少一年的实习。专业不同实习期也不同。在实习期间，他们每周要工作上百个小时，每过一个月就要更换一次岗位，等到实习完毕，他们就有足够的经验去选择最适合自己的岗位了。
Most states require that a person complete at least one year of medical residency before being permitted to take examinations to practice medicine. Some doctors work for many years as residents in hospitals, depending on which medical field they have chosen.
These medical residents provide hospitals with needed services in return for not much pay. They work under the supervision of medical professors and more experienced doctors. Medical residents treat patients. They carry out tests. They perform operations（做手术）. They complete records（完成记录）. In hospitals with few nurses, residents also do work formerly done by nurses.
During their first year of residency, these doctors in training work in a number of medical services. For example, they may work in emergency care for one month. Then they may care for children. The next month, they may work in the operating room. During this time they get a chance to decide what kind of doctor they want to become.
Some medical residents work one-hundred or more hours in a single week. They often work for more than thirty-six hours at a time before they can rest. Critics of this system say medical residents work too long and do not get enough rest. They say these young doctors may be too tired to provide the best care for their patients.
第六关：参加医学实践考试。take examinations to practice medicine.这个考试在实习期满后进行，通过这个考试的学生才算真正学成毕业，可以穿起白大褂治病救人了。
|
首页
【